Cetirizine Syrup

Cetirizine Syrup – Full Introduction

Cetirizine syrup is a second-generation antihistamine commonly used to relieve allergic symptoms in children and adults. It is preferred over first-generation antihistamines because it causes minimal sedation while providing effective, long-lasting allergy relief.

Drug Class

Second-generation H₁ antihistamine

Mechanism of Action

Cetirizine works by selectively blocking peripheral H₁ histamine receptors, preventing the effects of histamine released during allergic reactions. Unlike first-generation antihistamines, it has limited penetration of the blood–brain barrier, resulting in:

Effective allergy control
Minimal drowsiness compared to older antihistamines

Therapeutic Uses

Allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial)
Urticaria (hives)
Allergic conjunctivitis
Relief of sneezing, runny nose, itching, and watery eyes
Allergy symptoms associated with common cold

Benefits

Rapid onset and long duration of action (24 hours)
Non-sedating or mildly sedating
Safe for pediatric use
Once-daily dosing improves compliance
Fewer anticholinergic side effects

Common Side Effects

Mild drowsiness (less common)
Headache
Dry mouth
Fatigue

Serious but Rare Side Effects

Hypersensitivity reactions
Severe drowsiness (rare)
Urinary retention (very rare)

Contraindications & Precautions

Known hypersensitivity to cetirizine or hydroxyzine
Severe renal impairment (dose adjustment required)
Use caution with alcohol or CNS depressants
Caution in elderly patients

Dosage & Administration

Children (2–5 years): 2.5 mg once daily
Children (6–12 years): 5–10 mg once daily
Adults: 10 mg once daily
Common syrup strength: 5 mg/5 mL
Can be taken with or without food

Conclusion

Cetirizine syrup is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated antihistamine for the treatment of allergic conditions in children and adults. Its minimal sedative effect and once-daily dosing make it a preferred choice for long-term allergy management.

Cetirizine Syrup