ORS Sachets

ORS Sachets – Full Introduction

ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) sachets are a life-saving oral rehydration therapy used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by diarrhea, vomiting, fever, or excessive sweating. ORS is especially important in infants and children, but it is effective for all age groups.

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Drug Class

• Oral electrolyte and glucose solution

• Fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy

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Composition (WHO-Recommended Formula)

Each ORS sachet (to be dissolved in 1 liter of clean water) typically contains:

• Sodium chloride

• Potassium chloride

• Trisodium citrate (or sodium bicarbonate)

• Glucose (anhydrous)

This balanced composition ensures optimal absorption of fluids and electrolytes.

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Mechanism of Action

ORS works through the sodium–glucose co-transport mechanism in the small intestine:

• Glucose facilitates sodium absorption

• Sodium absorption pulls water into the bloodstream

• Leads to rapid rehydration and correction of electrolyte imbalance

This mechanism remains effective even during severe diarrhea.

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Therapeutic Uses

• Acute diarrhea (including cholera)

• Vomiting and gastroenteritis

• Dehydration due to fever

• Heat exhaustion

• Fluid loss during illness or excessive sweating

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Benefits

• Prevents and treats dehydration effectively

• Reduces need for IV fluids in most cases

• Safe for infants, children, adults, and elderly

• Inexpensive and easy to administer

• Proven to reduce mortality from diarrheal diseases

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Common Side Effects

• Generally no side effects when prepared and used correctly

• Mild bloating or nausea may occur if taken too quickly

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Contraindications & Precautions

• Severe dehydration or shock (requires IV fluids)

• Persistent vomiting preventing oral intake

• Prepare with exact amount of clean water (do not concentrate or dilute incorrectly)

• Use prepared solution within 24 hours

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Dosage & Administration

• Dissolve 1 ORS sachet in 1 liter of clean or boiled-and-cooled water

• Give small, frequent sips

• Children: 50–100 mL after each loose stool

• Adults: As much as needed to replace fluid loss

• Continue feeding and breastfeeding during ORS therapy

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Conclusion

ORS sachets are a simple, safe, and highly effective treatment for dehydration due to diarrhea and vomiting. Correct preparation and early use can prevent serious complications and save lives, especially in children.